(from the article "Mu'allaqat, Al-") ...the Mu'allaqat present another puzzle. The list usually accepted as standard was recorded by Ibn 'Abd Rabbihi and names poems by Imru' al-Qays, Tarafah, Zuhayr, Labid, 'Antarah, 'Amr ibn Kulthum, and al-Harith ibn Hilliza. Such authorities as Ibn Qutaybah, however, ...
(from the article "spider") ...respiratory organs, anterior book lungs and posterior tracheae; spinnerets at posterior end of abdomen; 4 pairs of walking legs; 1 or 2 pairs of coxal glands.32,000 species worldwide. Chelicerae labidognath (diaxial), attached below carapace; pedipalpal coxae with ...
(from the article "Iran, ancient") ...when he was assassinated in 44 BC. The duty of following through on Caesar's project fell to Mark Antony. Pacorus, anticipating Antony, crossed into Syria after having concluded an agreement with Quintus Labienus, a Roman commander on the side of ...
(from the article "human disease") Regeneration is the production of new cells exactly like those destroyed. Of the three categories of human cells-(1) the labile cells, which multiply throughout life, (2) the stable cells, which do not multiply continuously but can do so when necessary, ...
(from the article "coordination compound") In considering the mechanisms of substitution (exchange) reactions, Canadian-born American chemist Henry Taube distinguished between complexes that are labile (reacting completely in about one minute in 0.1 M solution at room temperature [25 °C, or 77 °F]) and those that ...
city and administrative centre of Labinsk rayon (sector), Krasnodar kray (region), western Russia. Labinsk lies along the Laba River where it flows into a plain. Founded in 1840 as a fortress, it was known as Labinskaya Stanitsa (stanitsa meaning "Cossack ...
(from the article "Italic languages") The development of the Indo-European labiovelar stop kw is more complex. (A labiovelar stop is a sound pronounced with simultaneous articulation-movement-of the lips and the velum, the soft palate.) From this sound there has resulted a qu ...
(from the article "insect") ...maxillae, each consisting of a bladelike lacinia, a hoodlike galea, and a segmented palp bearing sense organ. The paired second maxillae are partly fused in the midline to form the lower lip, or labium. Sometimes a median tonguelike structure, called ...
(from the article "Morocco") ...Nazis. This caused rioting in Fes and elsewhere in which some 30 or more demonstrators were killed. As a result, the sultan, who in 1947 persuaded a new and reform-minded resident general, Eirik Labonne, to ask the French government to ...
(from the article "Gibbons, Abigail Hopper") ...Women's Prison Association, of which she became president, and with the Hopper Home, and over the next several years she often lobbied the state legislature for financial support. She founded the Labor and Aid Society to help veterans find work ...
in the United States and Canada, holiday (first Monday in September) honouring workers and recognizing their contributions to society. In many other countries May Day serves a similar purpose.
(from the article "transportation economics") According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 1989 the typical household spent $27,810. Housing accounted for $8,609; transportation (mainly automobiles) accounted for $5,187; and food accounted for $4,152. Looking at the age of consumers, those under 25 ...
(from the article "analysis") A summary, though not comprehensive, of the common laboratory measurements that can be performed to supplement information obtained by another analytical procedure is provided in this section. Many of the methods can be used in the field or in process ...
(from the article "diagnosis") Laboratory tests can be valuable aids in making a diagnosis, but, as screening tools for detecting hidden disease in asymptomatic individuals, their usefulness is limited. The value of a test as a diagnostic aid depends on its sensitivity and specificity. ...
elementary and secondary schools founded in Iowa City in 1916 to experiment with curriculum development and to serve as model schools for Iowa. Over the next several decades the schools exercised national and international influence through their pioneer studies in ...
(from the article "Latin American art") ...sculpture. In Santafe de Bogota, which in 1717 became the capital of an independent Viceroyalty of New Granada, polychrome wooden sculpture was executed by its most dynamic creator, Pedro Laborio. The dramatic sway he gave his figures makes them appear ...
British politician, publicist, and noted wit who gained journalistic fame with his dispatches from Paris (for the Daily News, London, of which he was part owner) while the city was under siege during the Franco-German War (1870-71). ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Liberty, Statue of") A French historian, Edouard de Laboulaye, made the proposal for the statue. Funds were contributed by the French people, and work began in France in 1875 under sculptor Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi. The statue was constructed of copper sheets, hammered into shape ...
an order of fungi in the class Laboulbeniomycetes (phylum Ascomycota, kingdom Fungi) that includes more than 1,800 species, which live off the chitin (exoskeleton) of arachnids (e.g., spiders) and insects. The minute species are highly specialized, some attacking only specific ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "fungus") ...in subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae; examples of genera include Mycocalicium, Chaenothecopsis, Stenocybe, and Sphinctrina.Primarily parasitic on insects; contains two orders.Parasitic on insects,...
(from the article "labour") in human physiology, the physical activity experienced by the mother during parturition (q.v.), or childbirth.ILLUSTRATIONsequential changesSequent
in economics, the general body of wage earners. It is in this sense, for example, that one speaks of "organized labour." In a more special and technical sense, however, labour means any valuable service rendered by a human agent in ... [31 Related Articles]
organization in existence from 1923 until the advent of World War II that defined itself in its constitution as "a union of such parties as accept the principles of the economic emancipation of the workers from capitalist domination and the ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "labour economics") Another way of regulating rates of pay is a by-product of arbitration systems set up originally as a means of avoiding strikes and lockouts. In Australia it has become the practice, accepted by both employers and trade unions, to have ...
(from the article "Honduras") ...economic policies since the mid-20th century. In 1954 striking banana workers led the trade union movement to one of its most resounding triumphs, which resulted in the promulgation (in 1955) of a labour code that is considered one of the ...
(from the article "Soviet law") Soviet law recognized three distinct categories of employees: workers for state enterprises, employees of collective farms, and inmates in labour camps. Under the Labour Codes, employees at state enterprises enjoyed protection against arbitrary discipline or discharge. Except during and immediately ...
(from the article "labour law") ...of many states that were formerly British dependencies and remains in force subject to modifications made since independence. Much of the French Labour Code became applicable through the 1952 Labour Code for Overseas Territories to the states that were formerly ...
(from the article "organized labour") ...the one form of organization and the emergence of the other. Examples of the trade-union form of organization are hard to trace before the late 17th century; but during the following hundred years, combinations, as they were known to contemporaries, ...
(from the article "Ireland") ...Wages and employment conditions are normally subject to free collective bargaining, though industrial disputes may be referred to the Labour Relations Commission (created in 1990) or to the Labour Court (set up in 1946). In the late 1980s, when the ...
study of the labour force as an element in the process of production. The labour force comprises all those who work for gain, whether as employees, employers, or as self-employed, and it includes the unemployed who are seeking work. Labour ... [13 Related Articles]
(from the article "Russia") ...strata that wished to go beyond the October Manifesto to a full constitutional monarchy on the British model and to grant autonomy to the non-Russian nationalities. The next largest caucus, the Labour Group (Trudoviki), included a large number of peasants ...
the varied body of law applied to such matters as employment, remuneration, conditions of work, trade unions, and industrial relations. In its most comprehensive sense the term includes social security and disability insurance as well. Unlike the laws of contract, ... [13 Related Articles]
(from the article "Dependent States") American Samoa experienced labour shortages as U.S. nationals traveled to the U.S. for job opportunities and local reservists departed for military service in Iraq and elsewhere. Despite its population of 59,000, the territory had to look to independent Samoa for ...
(from the article "Coalition of Labor Union Women") organization of women trade unionists representing more than 60 American and international labour unions. Industrial RevolutionEurope, history ofSocial upheavalClass divisions manifested themselves in protest movements. Middle-class people joined political pro
(from the article "parturition") Early in labour, uterine contractions, or labour pains, occur at intervals of 20 to 30 minutes and last about 40 seconds. They are then accompanied by slight pain, which usually is felt in the small of the back.
(from the article "Argentina") Peron campaigned for the presidency in the elections of 1946. He organized the Labour Party, which was resisted by all the old parties and by the major vested-interest groups. His victory, though narrow, gave him control of both houses of ...
(from the article "Fiji") In 1987, however, the Indian-dominated National Federation Party joined in coalition with the new Labour Party (led by a Fijian, Timoci Bavadra), which had strong support from Fijian and Indian trade unionists. The coalition was successful in elections held in ...
(from the article "Malta") On July 6, 2005, the Maltese parliament unanimously ratified the European Union constitution. The opposition Labour Party, however, stated that its vote was conditioned to five reservations, one of which was meant to ensure Malta's neutrality. Meanwhile, the government announced ...
(from the article "South Africa") ...and separate school systems for Afrikaans- and English-speaking whites. The June 1924 election propelled Hertzog to the position of prime minister through a coalition between the National and Labour parties known as the Pact government.
British political party whose historic links with trade unions have led it to promote an active role for the state in the creation of economic prosperity and in the provision of social services. In opposition to the Conservative Party, it ... [45 Related Articles]
(from the article "Norway") Compared with the national election in 2005, the local elections held in the autumn showed that support for most political parties tended to remain stable. The Labour Party was still the strongest, with 29.6% of the vote, followed by the ...
(from the article "comparative advantage") ...trade to the differences among countries in the relative opportunity costs (costs in terms of other goods given up) of producing the same commodities. In Ricardo's theory, which was based on the labour theory of value (in effect, making labour ...
the separation of a work process into a number of tasks, with each task performed by a separate person or group of persons. It is most often applied to systems of mass production and is one of the basic organizing ... [22 Related Articles]
the proportion of a person's time spent at work. Hours of labour have declined significantly since the middle of the 19th century, with workers in advanced industrial countries spending far fewer hours per year in a given place of work ... [7 Related Articles]
first Russian Marxist organization, founded in September 1883 in Geneva, by Georgy Valentinovich Plekhanov and Pavel Axelrod. Convinced that social revolution could be accomplished only by class-conscious industrial workers, the group's founders broke with the Narodnaya Volya and devoted themselves ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Netherlands, The") ...1990s were always dependent on the Christian Democrat parties of the centre. The first postwar governments were dominated by an alliance of the Labour and Catholic parties, which continued until the Labour Party went into opposition in 1958. Thereafter, with ...
