| | - J & M Studio
- (from the article "J & M Studio") Initially located in the back room of a music shop, J & M Studio moved twice en route to becoming the crucible of the New Orleans sound of the 1950s. Nearly all of the biggest hits by Fats Domino and ...
- J-1 Blechesel
- (from the article "Junkers, Hugo") Junkers patented a flying-wing design in 1910, the same year in which he established an aircraft factory at Dessau. His J-1 Blechesel ("Sheet Metal Donkey") monoplane was the first successful all-metal airplane (1915), and his F-13 was the first all-metal ...
- j-j coupling
- (from the article "spectroscopy") ...remain constant quantities for a given state of an atom, but their values can no longer be generated by the addition of the L and S values. A coupling scheme known as jj coupling is sometimes applicable. In this scheme, ...
- J-League
- (from the article "football (soccer)") Asian economic growth during the 1980s and early 1990s and greater cultural ties to the West helped cultivate club football. Japan's J-League was launched in 1993, attracting strong public interest and a sprinkling of famous foreign players and coaches (notably ...
- J. Allen Hynek Center for UFO Studies
- (from the article "unidentified flying object") ...with projects Sign, Grudge, and Blue Book, concluded that a small fraction of the most-reliable UFO reports gave definite indications for the presence of extraterrestrial visitors. Hynek founded the Center for UFO Studies (CUFOS), which continues to investigate the phenomenon.
- J. Craig Venter Research Institute
- (from the article "Venter, J. Craig") In addition to the human genome, Venter contributed to the sequencing of the genomes of the rat, mouse, and fruit fly. In 2006 he founded the J. Craig Venter Research Institute (JCVI), a not-for-profit genomics research support organization. In 2007, ...
- J. Dixon and Sons
- (from the article "britannia metal") ...silvered by electrolysis. The good conducting qualities, together with its cheapness and ductility, made the alloy ideal for this purpose. Perhaps the best-known manufacturer of britannia metal is J. Dixon and Sons, Sheffield, whose name, initials, or bugle mark are ...
- J. Paul Getty Museum
- (from the article "Italy") In a landmark case, the J. Paul Getty Museum of Los Angeles agreed to return 40 artifacts that the Italian Culture Ministry contended had been looted from archaeological digs in Sicily as part of a burgeoning traffic in illegally excavated ...
- J. Walter Thompson Co.
- American advertising agency that was long one of the largest such enterprises in the world. In 1980 it became a subsidiary of JWT Group Inc., a Delaware-based holding company.
- J.C. Penney Corporation, Inc.
- American retail company founded in 1902 by James Cash Penney and today engaged in marketing apparel, home furnishings, jewelry, cosmetics, and cookware. The firm serves consumers principally through stores, catalog sales, and Internet marketing. The company was called J.C. Penney ... [1 Related Articles]
- J.P. Stevens & Co.
- (from the article "Stevens, J P") merchant who founded J.P. Stevens, one of the biggest firms in the American textile industry.
- J/psi particle
- type of meson consisting of a charmed quark and a charmed antiquark. It has a mass of 3.1 GeV/c2, which is about 3.5 times larger than the mass of a proton. The particle was first detected in 1974 by two ... [3 Related Articles]
- J79
- (from the article "F-104") ...The F-104 had a wingspan of 21 feet 11 inches (6.68 m) and a length of 54 feet 9 inches (16.7 m). It was a single-seat, single-engine midwing monoplane, powered with a General Electric J79 series turbojet engine with afterburner ...
- Ja'far ibn Muhammad
- sixth imam, or spiritual successor to the Prophet Muhammad, of the Shi'ite branch of Islam and the last to be recognized as imam by all the Shi'ite sects. Theologically, he advocated a limited predestination and proclaimed that Hadith (traditional sayings ... [6 Related Articles]
- Ja'far ibn Yahya
- (from the article "Barmakids") ...no surprise that he put the whole administration in the hands of Yahya and his sons. Yahya received the title of wazir, and his sons al-Fadl and Ja'far were placed in charge of the Caliph's personal seal.
- Ja'far Khan
- (from the article "Lotf 'Ali Khan Zand") ...and Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar. Although the Zand forces were weakened by internal dissensions and rivalries, Lotf 'Ali Khan's father, Ja'far Khan, proclaimed himself sovereign in the Zand capital of Shiraz in 1785.
- Jaafari, Ibrahim al-
- Ibrahim al-Jaafari, a physician who had spent more than 20 years outside Iraq during the reign of Saddam Hussein, became the country's new prime minister in 2005. Jaafari, the leader of the Islamic Da'wah Party, had returned to Iraq from ... [3 Related Articles]
- Jaar, Alfredo
- (from the article "Latin American art") Latin American artists also used video, an emerging international medium, to address political concerns. After moving to New York City, the Chilean artist Alfredo Jaar in 1987 used a computerized light board over Times Square to confront viewers with his ...
- Jaatteenmaki, Anneli
- (from the article "Finland") Finnish unemployment persisted at around 8% without progress on the government target to raise the employment rate from 69% to 75% to ensure future welfare-state funding. Anneli Jaatteenmaki, who was unseated as the country's first woman prime minister in 2003 ...
- jab
- (from the article "boxing") There are four basic punches: the jab, hook, uppercut, and straight right (straight left for a southpaw), which is sometimes referred to as a "cross." All other punches are modifications of these basic punches. The jab, whether thrown from an ...
- Jabal al-Awliya' Dam
- (from the article "Nile River") ...level falls again. The rise at Khartoum averages more than 20 feet. When the Blue Nile is in flood it holds back the White Nile water, turning it into an extensive lake and delaying its flow. The Jabal al-Awliya' Dam ...
- Jabal al-Lawdh
- (from the article "Arabian religion") In South Arabia pilgrims were entertained in the temples on the proceeds of the tithe. The sanctuary of Jabal al-Lawdh, in al-Jawf of northern Yemen, consisted of two temples: the first, at the foot of the mountain, was connected to ...
- Jabal Shammar
- mountainous area, northwestern Saudi Arabia, bounded by the regions of Hejaz on the west and Ash-Sharqiyah on the east. The principal features of the region are the two great mountain ranges of Aja' (granites) and Salma (basalts) and the immense ...
- Jabalpur
- city, central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. Jabalpur lies just north of the Narmada River in a rocky basin surrounded by low hills that are dotted with lakes and temples. On one of the hills stands the Madan Mahal, an ...
- Jabara, Paul
- (from the article "1978: Other Winners") ...Joe Renzetti for The Buddy Holly StoryOriginal Score: Giorgio Moroder for Midnight ExpressOriginal Song: "Last Dance" from Thank God It's Friday; music and lyrics by Paul JabaraHonorary Award: Linwood G. Dunn, Walter Lantz, the Museum of Modern Art Department of ...
- Jabarti, al-
- (from the article "Egypt") ...of its historians, partly because the emirs patronized court historians; by contrast, in almost three centuries of Ottoman rule, Egypt produced only one historian worthy of note, Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti in the late 18th to early 19th century, famous for ...
- Jabarti, Sheikh Isma'il
- (from the article "Somalia") ...century, the stage was set for the great movements of expansion of the Somali toward the south and of the Oromo to the south and west. The first known major impetus to Somali migration was that of Sheikh Isma'il Jabarti, ...
- Jabavu, Davidson Don Tengo
- black educator and South African political leader.
- Jabbul, Al-
- (from the article "Syria") Scattered lakes are found in Syria. The largest is Al-Jabbul, a seasonal saline lake that permanently covers a minimum area of about 60 square miles (155 square km) southeast of Aleppo. Other major salt lakes are Jayrud to the northeast ...
- Jaberg, Karl
- (from the article "linguistics") ...Romance- and Germanic-speaking countries, were the first to participate in such atlas projects. One of the most significant contributions is the linguistic atlas of Italy and southern Switzerland by Karl Jaberg and Jakob Jud; it appeared from 1928 to 1940. ...
- Jabesh-Gilead
- (from the article "David") ...and with his men he performed the mourning rites for Saul and Jonathan, memorializing them in a deeply moving elegy. Somewhat later, after David had become king in Hebron, he learned that the men of Jabesh-Gilead, a town across the ...
- Jabir ibn Hayyan, Abu Musa
- alchemist known as the father of Arab chemistry. He systematized a "quantitative" analysis of substances and was the inspiration for Geber, a Latin alchemist who developed an important corpuscular theory of matter. [3 Related Articles]
- jabiru
- (species Jabiru mycteria), a typical stork of the New World, ranging from Mexico to Argentina. The jabiru belongs to the stork family, Ciconiidae (order Ciconiiformes). It is mostly white, with the naked skin of the head and upper neck black ...
- Jablonec nad Nisou
- city, northwestern Czech Republic. It lies about 1,600 feet (500 m) above sea level in the upper valley of the Nis (Neisse) River, in the Giant Mountains (Krkonose). It was populated mainly by Germans between World Wars I and II, ...
- Jablonski, Daniel Ernst
- Protestant theologian who worked for a unification of Lutherans and Calvinists.
- Jablonski, Johann Theodor
- (from the article "encyclopaedia") ...type. The form appealed to the rapidly growing middle class of the country, who welcomed encyclopaedias designed to provide them with an adequate cultural background for polite society. Johann Theodor Jablonski's illustrated Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) continued in this same style, ...
- Jablonskis, Jonas
- (from the article "Lithuanian language") ...used primarily in the region bordering East Prussia. The modern standard literary language, written in a 32-letter Latin alphabet, is based on the West High Lithuanian dialect of the scholar Jonas Jablonskis (1861-1930), who is considered to be its father.
- Jabneh
- ancient city of Palestine (now Israel) lying about 15 miles (24 km) south of Tel Aviv-Yafo and 4 miles (6 km) from the Mediterranean Sea. Settled by Philistines, Jabneh came into Jewish hands in the time of Uzziah in the ... [2 Related Articles]
- Jaboatao
- city, eastern Pernambuco estado (state), northeastern Brazil. It is located on the Jaboatao River, 148 feet (45 metres) above sea level and just west of Recife, the capital of the state. The site of two battles in ...
- Jabor, Arnaldo
- (from the article "Literature") ...Hazin published Machado de Assis e a administracao publica federal, an analysis of Machado de Assis's life and activities as a Brazilian civil servant. Film director Arnaldo Jabor published a collection of his "cronicas" about Brazilian life, Pornopolitica-Paixoes e taras ...
- jaboticaba
- any of several trees of the genus Myrciaria, of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae), notably M. cauliflora and M. jaboticaba, native to southeastern Brazil. The trees have been introduced to other warm regions, including western and southern North America. The name ...
- Jabotinsky, Vladimir
- Zionist leader, journalist, orator, and man of letters who founded the militant Zionist Revisionist movement that played an important role in the establishment of the State of Israel. [1 Related Articles]
- Jabr, Salih
- (from the article "Iraq") ...held under his government's supervision were no different from previous controlled elections. The parties boycotted the elections. Nuri al-Sa'id resigned in March 1947, and Salih Jabr formed a new government.
- Jabtsandamba Khutagt
- (from the article "Mongolia") ...a way was found to link church and state. A son of the line of the Tushetu Khans of Khalkha was conveniently found to be the first "reincarnation" of the line of Jabtsandamba Khutagt (Khutukhtus) of Urga. The significance of ...
- Jaca
- city, Huesca provincia (province), in the communidad autonoma (autonomous community) of Aragon, northeastern Spain, on the plateau on the southern bank of the Aragon River, just south of the French border. Of ancient origin, ...
- jacamar
- any of 15 species of tropical American birds that constitute the family Galbulidae (order Piciformes). The jacamar has a glittering body, tapered from large head to, in most species, a long, graduated tail; some have square tails. Most are iridescently ... [1 Related Articles]
- jacana
- any of several species of water birds belonging to the family Jacanidae of the order Charadriiformes. Jacanas are uniquely equipped with long straight claws for walking on floating vegetation. Like certain plovers, some jacanas have wing spurs. [4 Related Articles]
- jacaranda
- (from the article "jacaranda") The name jacaranda is also applied to several tree species of the genus Machaerium of the pea family (Fabaceae), from which some of the commercial rosewoods are obtained. Jacaranda cabinet wood is a rosewood from the tree species Dalbergia nigra, ...
- jacaranda
- any plant of the genus Jacaranda (family Bignoniaceae), especially the two ornamental trees J. mimosifolia and J. cuspidifolia. They are widely grown in warm parts of the world and in greenhouses for their showy blue or violet flowers and attractive, ...
- Jacaranda cuspidifolia
- (from the article "jacaranda") any plant of the genus Jacaranda (family Bignoniaceae), especially the two ornamental trees J. mimosifolia and J. cuspidifolia. They are widely grown in warm parts of the world and in greenhouses for their showy blue or violet flowers and attractive, ...
- Jacaranda mimosifolia
- (from the article "jacaranda") any plant of the genus Jacaranda (family Bignoniaceae), especially the two ornamental trees J. mimosifolia and J. cuspidifolia. They are widely grown in warm parts of the world and in greenhouses for their showy blue or violet flowers and attractive, ...
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