| | - gas-filled converter
- (from the article "thermionic power converter") These devices are designed so that positively charged ions are continuously generated and mixed with negatively charged electrons in the space between the emitter and the collector to provide a plasma with a relatively neutral space charge. Because of this, ...
- gas-filled detector
- (from the article "radiation measurement") The passage of a charged particle through a gas results in the transfer of energy from the particle to electrons that are part of the normal atomic structure of the gas. If the charged particle passes close enough to a ...
- gas-liquid chromatography
- (from the article "Separations based on phase equilibria") ...mobile phase followed by the state of the stationary phase. Gas chromatography employing a gaseous fluid as the mobile phase, called the carrier gas, is subdivided into gas-solid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. The carrier gases used, such as helium, hydrogen, ...
- gas-phase polymerization
- (from the article "industrial polymers, chemistry of") This method is used with gaseous monomers such as ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, and vinyl chloride. The monomer is introduced under pressure into a reaction vessel containing a polymerization initiator. Once polymerization begins, monomer molecules diffuse to the growing polymer chains. The ...
- gas-solid chromatography
- (from the article "separation and purification") In addition to chromatography, gas-solid distribution is also widely employed for purification, using special adsorbents called molecular sieves. These materials contain pores of approximately the same dimensions as small molecules. This property can be exploited in the separation of molecules ...
- gas-to-liquid
- (from the article "Qatar") Qatar's energy industry, especially its liquefied natural gas (LNG) and gas-to-liquids (GTL) sectors, continued its phenomenal growth in 2006. Progress was also ongoing in the country's long-planned Dolphin Gas Project to deliver substantial quantities of gas to the neighbouring United ...
- gas-turbine engine
- any internal-combustion engine employing a gas as the working fluid used to turn a turbine. The term also is conventionally used to describe a complete internal-combustion engine consisting of at least a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine. [16 Related Articles]
- Gascoigne, George
- English poet and a major literary innovator. [3 Related Articles]
- Gascon
- (from the article "France") ...maintained control of the eastern region but had to cope with raids by the Bretons, who had established heavily populated settlements in the western part of the peninsula. To the southwest the Gascons, a highland people from the Pyrenees, had ...
- Gascon language
- (from the article "Occitan language") ...changed from the speech of the Middle Ages, although they are being affected by their constant exposure to French. The major dialects are those of Limousin, Auvergnat, Provence, and Languedoc. Gascon, a Romance dialect of southwestern France, is usually classified ...
- Gascon, Jean
- Canadian actor and director, cofounder of the Theatre du Nouveau Monde (1951) and cofounder of the National Theatre School (1960).
- Gascony
- historical and cultural region encompassing the southwestern French departements of Landes, Gers, and Hautes-Pyrenees and parts of Pyrenees-Atlantiques, Lot-et-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Haute-Garonne, and Ariege and coextensive with the historical region of Gascony. [8 Related Articles]
- Gascoyne River
- ephemeral river of west-central Western Australia. It rises in the northeastern Robinson Ranges west of the Gibson Desert, flows generally westward for 475 miles (760 km) through gold-mining and sheep-raising country, and empties into the Indian Ocean at Carnarvon on ...
- Gascoyne, David
- English poet deeply influenced by the French Surrealist movement of the 1930s. [1 Related Articles]
- gaseous cycle
- (from the article "biogeochemical cycle") Biogeochemical cycles can be classed as gaseous, in which the reservoir is the air or the oceans (via evaporation), and sedimentary, in which the reservoir is the Earth's crust. Gaseous cycles include those of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and water; sedimentary ...
- gaseous diffusion
- (from the article "nuclear reactor") There are several possible enrichment methods, but the only two that are used on a large scale are gaseous diffusion and gas centrifuging. In gaseous diffusion, natural uranium in the form of uranium hexafluoride gas (UF6), a product of chemical ...
- Gash Pahar
- (from the article "Jashpur Pats") ...pats are generally barren or covered with grasslands, and the slopes are forested with sal (Shorea), ebony, teak, and bamboo. Gash Pahar (3,241 feet [988 metres]) and Laki Hill (3,323 feet [1,013 metres]) are ...
- Gash River
- river rising in southern Eritrea, near Asmara. After flowing southward, it turns west and forms the border between Eritrea (north) and Ethiopia (south) along its middle course. It then continues into northeastern Sudan to lose itself in the desert. In ... [1 Related Articles]
- Gasherbrum I
- (from the article "Messner, Reinhold") ...losing several toes to frostbite. In 1975 Messner and Habeler made their first Alpine-style ascent of an 8,000-metre mountain without supplemental oxygen when they climbed the northwestern face of Gasherbrum I (Hidden Peak; 26,470 feet [8,068 metres]) in the Karakoram ...
- gasification
- (from the article "coal") ...hydrocarbons ratio near 2 and a gaseous hydrocarbons ratio near 4. For this reason, any process used to convert coal to alternative fuels must add hydrogen (either directly or in the form of water). Gasification refers to the conversion of ...
- gasifier
- (from the article "coal utilization") The operating temperature of a gasifier usually dictates the nature of the ash-removal system. Operating temperatures below 1,000° C (1,800° F) allow dry ash removal, whereas temperatures between 1,000° and 1,200° C (1,800° and 2,200° F) cause the ash to ...
- Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn
- English novelist, short-story writer, and first biographer of Charlotte Bronte. [1 Related Articles]
- Gaskill, William
- (from the article "Performing Arts") A slight rumpus ensued among the Royal Court old guard when it was announced that Tom Stoppard's new play, Rock 'n' Roll, would be directed by Trevor Nunn. Former artistic director William Gaskill, who succeeded the English Stage Company's founder, ...
- gasohol
- (from the article "ethyl alcohol") ...Ethyl alcohol is an important industrial chemical; it is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, and as an additive to automotive gasoline (forming a mixture known as a gasohol). Ethyl alcohol is also the intoxicating ...
- Gasol, Pau
- (from the article "Basketball") ...Navarro and Jorge Garbajosa led Spain with 20 points each, and Mihalis Kakiouzis scored 17 points for Greece. The Spaniards' success came without the intimidating presence of 2.13-m (7-ft)-tall Pau Gasol, the Memphis Grizzlies forward who fractured his foot in ...
- gasoline
- mixture of volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and used as fuel for internal-combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent for oils and fats. Originally a by-product of the petroleum industry (kerosene being the principal product), gasoline ... [22 Related Articles]
- gasoline engine
- any of a class of internal-combustion engines that generate power by burning a volatile liquid fuel (gasoline or a gasoline mixture such as ethanol) with ignition initiated by an electric spark. Gasoline engines can be built to meet the requirements ... [10 Related Articles]
- gasoline-electric bus
- (from the article "bus") Other early bus manufacturers were Mack and Yellow Truck & Coach in the United States, both of which built gasoline-electric models. In these buses a gasoline engine drove a direct-current generator, and the output of the generator provided electrical power ...
- Gaspar a Myrica
- (from the article "Mercator, Gerardus") ...in the Low Countries, who was also a physician and astronomer, Mercator mastered the essentials of mathematics, geography, and astronomy. Frisius and Mercator also frequented the workshop of Gaspar a Myrica, an engraver and goldsmith. The combined work of these ...
- Gasparcolor
- (from the article "animation") ...rhythms," created from shifting colour fields and patterns matched to music by classical composers. He became fascinated by colour photography and collaborated on a process called Gasparcolor, which, as utilized in his 1935 film Composition in Blue, ...
- Gaspari, Elio
- (from the article "Literature") Poet and literary critic Antonio Carlos Secchin was admitted to the Brazilian Academy of Letters, which awarded its 2003 Essay Prize to Elio Gaspari for the first three volumes of his multivolume study of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-85). A ...
- Gasparilla Pirate Fest
- (from the article "Florida") ...Festival (Plant City; March), the Festival of States (St. Petersburg; March-April), the Arcadia Rodeo (Arcadia; March and July), and the Fiesta of Five Flags (Pensacola; May-June). The Gasparilla Pirate Fest, comparable to the Mardi Gras celebration in New Orleans, is ...
- Gasparini
- (from the article "meringue") mixture of stiffly beaten egg whites and sugar that is used in confections and desserts. The invention of meringue in 1720 is attributed to a Swiss pastry cook named Gasparini. Meringues are eaten as small "kisses" or as cases and ...
- Gasparovic, Ivan
- (from the article "Slovakia") Area: 49,035 sq km (18,933 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 5,396,000 | Capital: Bratislava | Chief of state: President Ivan Gasparovic | Head of government: Prime Minister Robert Fico | BRITANNICA BOOK OF THE YEAR 2007Slovakia
- Gasparri, Pietro
- Italian cardinal who, by appointment of Pope St. Pius X, in 1904 directed the new Code of Canon Law, a systematic arrangement of ecclesiastical law now practiced by the Roman Catholic church. [2 Related Articles]
- Gaspe
- city, Gaspesie region, eastern Quebec province, Canada. It lies at the mouth of the York River, overlooking Gaspe Bay. The city's name derives either from the navigator Gaspar Corte-Real, who came there about 1500, or from the Indian gespeg, meaning ...
- Gaspe Current
- outflow from the St. Lawrence River, which moves around the Gaspe Peninsula and along the southern shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It merges with a cold branch of the Labrador (Cabot) Current before flowing through the Cabot Strait ... [1 Related Articles]
- Gaspe Peninsula
- peninsula in eastern Quebec province, Canada. The peninsula extends east-northeastward for 150 miles (240 km) from the Matapedia River into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It is situated between the St. Lawrence River (north) and Chaleur Bay and New Brunswick ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gaspe, Philippe Aubert de
- author of the early French Canadian novel Les Anciens Canadiens (1863), which strongly influenced later regionalist writers in Canada. [1 Related Articles]
- Gaspee, Burning of the
- (June 10, 1772), in U.S. colonial history, act of open civil defiance of British authority when Rhode Islanders boarded and sank the revenue cutter Gaspee in Narragansett Bay. Headed by a leading merchant, John Brown, eight boatloads of armed, reputable ... [2 Related Articles]
- Gaspesian Provincial Park
- park in eastern Quebec province, Canada. The park occupies 500 square miles (1,295 square km) on the Gaspe Peninsula, near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. It was established in 1937 to protect the fast-diminishing herds of caribou as ...
- Gasprinski, Ismail
- Turkish journalist and writer who was an advocate of pan-Islamic unity and whose writings significantly contributed to the growth of cultural identity within the Turkic community of Russia. [3 Related Articles]
- Gasquet, Francis Aidan
- English Roman Catholic historian, a cardinal from 1914, and prefect of the Vatican archives from 1917.
- Gass, J Donald MacIntyre
- American ophthalmologist (b. Aug. 2, 1928, Prince Edward Island-d. Feb. 26, 2005, Nashville, Tenn.), conducted groundbreaking research on diseases of the retina, which led to treatments that saved the eyesight of thousands of patients. Gass was among the leading developers ...
- Gass, William H.
- American writer noted for his experimentation with stylistic devices.
- Gassendi, Pierre
- French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, who revived Epicureanism as a substitute for Aristotelianism, attempting in the process to reconcile mechanistic atomism with the Christian belief in an infinite God. [14 Related Articles]
- Gasser, Herbert Spencer
- American physiologist, corecipient (with Joseph Erlanger) of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for fundamental discoveries concerning the functions of different kinds of nerve fibres. [1 Related Articles]
- Gassman, Vittorio
- Italian actor and director (b. Sept. 1, 1922, Genoa, Italy-d. June 29, 2000, Rome, Italy), epitomized the quintessential Italian leading man-"tall, dark, and handsome"-but his conventional good looks sometimes obscured his talent and versatility in both comic and serious roles. ...
- Gassner, Dennis
- (from the article "1991: Other Winners") Original Screenplay: Callie Khouri for Thelma & LouiseAdapted Screenplay: Ted Tally for The Silence of the LambsCinematography: Robert Richardson for JFKArt Direction: Dennis Gassner for BugsyOriginal Score: Alan Menken for Beauty and the BeastOriginal Song: "Beauty and the Beast" from ...
- gastald
- (from the article "Italy") Locally, cities provided the basis of government, which was another Roman tradition. In the kingdom, either a duke or a gastald governed each city and its territory; the difference seems to have been principally one of status. ...
- Gastarbeiter
- (from the article "migrant labour") ...Middle East in the second half of the 20th century. Rapid industrial growth in the former West Germany after World War II, for instance, produced a severe labour shortage, attracting several million workers from Turkey, Greece, Italy, and Yugoslavia. The ...
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